Module 2 Discussion
Case Study: J.T.
| Purpose: | Analyze and apply critical thinking skills in the psychopathology of mental health patients and provide treatment and health promotion while applying evidence-based research. |
| Scenario: | J.T. is a 20 year-old who reports to you that he feels depressed and is experiencing a significant amount of stress about school, noting that he’ll “probably flunk out.” He spends much of his day in his dorm room playing video games and has a hard time identifying what, if anything, is enjoyable in a typical day. He rarely attends class and has avoided reaching out to his professors to try to salvage his grades this semester. J.T. has always been a self-described shy person and has had a very small and cohesive group of friends from elementary through high school. Notably, his level of stress significantly amplified when he began college.
You learn that when meeting new people, he has a hard time concentrating on the interaction because he is busy worrying about what they will think of him – he assumes they will find him “dumb,” “boring,” or a “loser.” When he loses his concentration, he stutters, is at a loss for words, and starts to sweat, which only serves to make him feel more uneasy. After the interaction, he replays the conversation over and over again, focusing on the “stupid” things he said. Similarly, he has a long-standing history of being uncomfortable with authority figures and has had a hard time raising his hand in class and approaching teachers. Since starting college, he has been isolating more, turning down invitations from his roommate to go eat or hang out, ignoring his cell phone when it rings, and habitually skipping class. His concerns about how others view him are what drive him to engage in these avoidance behaviors. |
| Questions: | Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and NP guidelines. At all times, explain your answers.
1. Generate a primary and differential diagnosis using the DSM-5 criteria. 2. Develop a biopsychosocial plan of care for this client. 3. Compare and contrast fear, worry, anxiety, and panic. |
Submission Instructions:
· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 3 academic sources.
· Due Wednesday July 3 at 11:59pm
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It looks like there’s some confusion. Unfortunately, I don’t have access to specific images or documents you mentioned in your prompt. However, I can help guide you through answering the questions based on the information provided about J.T.’s case study.
### 1. Primary and Differential Diagnosis using DSM-5 Criteria
**Primary Diagnosis:** Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
– **Criteria:** J.T. exhibits persistent fear and avoidance of social situations due to fear of negative evaluation. This is causing significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, and academic functioning.
– **Differential Diagnosis:** Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Avoidant Personality Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder (with anxious distress).
### 2. Biopsychosocial Plan of Care
**Biological Interventions:**
– Medication: SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) like sertraline for anxiety symptoms.
– Regular physical health monitoring due to the impact of anxiety on physical health.
**Psychological Interventions:**
– Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Exposure therapy to help J.T. confront social fears and cognitive restructuring to address negative thought patterns.
– Social skills training to improve assertiveness and reduce avoidance behaviors.
**Social Interventions:**
– Supportive counseling to address isolation and improve social interactions.
– Encouragement of participation in social activities gradually.
### 3. Comparison of Fear, Worry, Anxiety, and Panic
– **Fear:** A response to a real or perceived immediate threat, triggering a fight-or-flight response.
– **Worry:** Persistent thoughts and concerns about future events, often involving anticipation of negative outcomes.
– **Anxiety:** Generalized feeling of apprehension and nervousness, often without a specific trigger, but persistent over time.
– **Panic:** Sudden and intense episodes of fear or discomfort, often accompanied by physical symptoms like racing heart, sweating, and trembling.
These distinctions are crucial in understanding J.T.’s symptoms and tailoring interventions effectively.
If you need further elaboration or have specific questions about any aspect of the answers, feel free to ask!
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