Treatments for Respiratory Disorders
Based on Module 4: Lecture Materials & Resources and experience, please answer the following questions:
1. Describe causes of Upper respiratory infections and drug therapy
2. Discuss triggers of asthma and treatment options
3. Discuss corticosteroids
4. Describe chronic bronchitis and treatment options
Submission Instructions:
· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in the current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points.
· Each question must be answered individually as in bullet points. Not in an essay format.
· Example: Question 1, followed by the answer to question 1; Question 2, followed by the answer to question 2; and so forth.
Certainly! Here are the answers to each of the questions regarding treatments for respiratory disorders:
1. **Causes of Upper Respiratory Infections and Drug Therapy:**
– **Causes:** Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are commonly caused by viruses such as rhinovirus, influenza virus, and coronavirus. Bacterial infections can also contribute, notably Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
– **Drug Therapy:** Treatment typically focuses on symptomatic relief. Antiviral medications like oseltamivir may be used for influenza infections. Analgesics like acetaminophen and NSAIDs can alleviate pain and fever. Decongestants such as pseudoephedrine help reduce nasal congestion. Antibiotics are prescribed only if a bacterial infection is confirmed.
2. **Triggers of Asthma and Treatment Options:**
– **Triggers:** Asthma triggers vary but commonly include allergens (pollen, dust mites), respiratory infections, air pollutants (smoke, strong odors), exercise, and emotional stress.
– **Treatment Options:**
– **Quick-relief medications:** Short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) provide rapid bronchodilation during acute symptoms.
– **Long-term control medications:** Inhaled corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone) reduce airway inflammation. Long-acting beta-agonists (e.g., formoterol) help maintain bronchodilation. Leukotriene modifiers (e.g., montelukast) can also be used.
3. **Corticosteroids:**
– Corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory medications used in the treatment of various respiratory conditions.
– They work by suppressing inflammation and immune response in the airways.
– Commonly used in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), they are administered orally, intravenously, or via inhalation depending on the severity and type of condition.
4. **Chronic Bronchitis and Treatment Options:**
– **Description:** Chronic bronchitis is characterized by persistent inflammation of the bronchial tubes, typically caused by smoking or exposure to irritants.
– **Treatment Options:**
– **Smoking cessation:** Essential to halt disease progression.
– **Bronchodilators:** Similar to asthma treatment, including short-acting beta-agonists and long-acting anticholinergics.
– **Corticosteroids:** Inhaled corticosteroids help reduce inflammation in the airways.
– **Mucolytics:** Medications like guaifenesin help thin mucus, aiding its expulsion.
– **Oxygen therapy:** Administered in severe cases to improve oxygenation.
These points provide a concise overview of each topic as requested. If you need further details or additional information, feel free to ask!
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