Study Guide for Benztropine
This week, you will create a Medication Study Guide to share with your peers. This guide is intended to be a useful learning tool for you to use as you prepare for your clinical courses.
Create a 3- to 4-page (excluding visual elements) Medication Study Guide for your assigned psychotropic medication agents that may be utilized by you and colleagues for study. Your medication guide should be in the form of an outline and should include a title page, citations, and references. You should incorporate visual elements, such as concept maps, charts, diagrams, images, color coding, mnemonics, and/or flashcards. Be creative!
Note: Your Medication Study Guide should not be in the format of an APA paper.
Also Note: Your guide should be informed by the FDA-Approved and Evidenced-Based, Clinical Practice Guidelines Research.
Areas of importance that you should address—but are not limited to—include:
· Description of the psychopharmacological medication agent, including brand and generic names, as well as appropriate FDA indication uses
· Any supporting, valid, and reliable research for non-FDA uses
· Drug classification
· The medication mechanism of action
· The medication pharmacokinetics
· The medication pharmacodynamics
· Appropriate dosing, administration route, and any considerations for dosing alterations
· Considerations of use and dosing in specific specialty populations, such as children, adolescents, elderly, pregnant people, those exhibiting suicidal behaviors, etc.
· Definition of half-life, why half-life is important, and the half-life for your assigned medication
· Side effects/adverse reactions potential
· Discuss clinical concerns with EPS and Tardive Dyskinesia Note: Be sure to include screening tools that would be utilized.
· Contraindications for use including significant drug to drug interactions
· Overdose considerations
· Diagnostics and labs monitoring comorbidities considerations
· Legal, ethical, and social considerations
· Pertinent patient education considerations
Support your rationale with a minimum of three (3) academic resources.
Please review the grading rubric for criteria evaluated.
NURS_6630_Week7_Assignment_Rubric
| NURS_6630_Week7_Assignment_Rubric | ||||||
| Criteria | Ratings | Pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMedication guide includes brand and generic names, FDA uses, classification, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, dosing, administration, considerations for alternate dosing, considerations for prescribing specialty populations, definition of half-life, why half-life important, and what is the half-life for assigned medication, side effects/adverse reaction potentials, contraindications, overdose considerations, diagnostics/labs, and patient education consideration. |
|
50 pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMedication guide includes clinical concerns with EPS and Tardive Dyskinesia with screening tool to be utilized included. |
|
20 pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMedication guide includes legal, ethical and social considerations. |
|
10 pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeThe study guide is properly formatted as an outline and includes visual elements for the appropriate audience. The guide is succinct and is 3–4 pages. Three evidence-based, peer-reviewed scholarly references outside of course resources were used. |
|
10 pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting—English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation |
|
5 pts | ||||
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting: The paper follows correct APA format for title page, citations, and reference list. |
|
5 pts | ||||
| Total Points: 100 |
## Benztropine Medication Study Guide
### Title Page
**Benztropine (Cogentin) Medication Study Guide**
—
### Outline
#### 1. **Description of Benztropine**
– **Brand Name:** Cogentin
– **Generic Name:** Benztropine
– **FDA Indication Uses:** Treatment of Parkinson’s disease, drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
#### 2. **Non-FDA Uses**
– **Supporting Research:** Evidence for use in managing dystonia and other movement disorders related to antipsychotic medications.
#### 3. **Drug Classification**
– **Class:** Anticholinergic, antiparkinsonian agent
#### 4. **Mechanism of Action**
– **Action:** Blocks cholinergic activity in the central nervous system, which helps to balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity, reducing tremors and muscle stiffness in Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced EPS.
#### 5. **Pharmacokinetics**
– **Absorption:** Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
– **Distribution:** Crosses the blood-brain barrier.
– **Metabolism:** Hepatic.
– **Excretion:** Renal.
#### 6. **Pharmacodynamics**
– **Effect:** Reduces tremors and rigidity in Parkinson’s disease and controls extrapyramidal symptoms.
#### 7. **Dosing and Administration**
– **Typical Dosing:**
– Parkinsonism: 1-2 mg orally 2-3 times daily.
– Drug-induced EPS: 1-4 mg once or twice daily.
– **Administration Route:** Oral or intramuscular injection.
– **Dosing Alterations:** Adjust dose based on response and tolerance.
#### 8. **Specialty Populations Considerations**
– **Children:** Use with caution; safety and efficacy not well established.
– **Adolescents:** Similar to adults; monitor for side effects.
– **Elderly:** Increased sensitivity; start at lower doses.
– **Pregnancy:** Category C; use only if potential benefit justifies the potential risk.
– **Suicidal Behaviors:** Monitor closely due to potential for anticholinergic toxicity.
#### 9. **Half-Life**
– **Definition:** The time it takes for the blood concentration of a drug to reduce to half its initial value.
– **Importance:** Determines dosing frequency.
– **Benztropine Half-Life:** Approximately 12-24 hours.
#### 10. **Side Effects and Adverse Reactions**
– **Common:** Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, tachycardia.
– **Serious:** Confusion, hallucinations, heat stroke due to decreased sweating.
#### 11. **Clinical Concerns: EPS and Tardive Dyskinesia**
– **EPS:** Monitor for symptoms like muscle stiffness, tremors, and jerky movements.
– **Screening Tools:** Use the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) for EPS assessment.
– **Tardive Dyskinesia:** Long-term risk with antipsychotic use; monitor with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS).
#### 12. **Contraindications**
– **Significant Interactions:** Avoid with other anticholinergic medications, antipsychotics.
– **Contraindications:** Glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, bowel obstruction.
#### 13. **Overdose Considerations**
– **Symptoms:** Severe anticholinergic effects like hyperthermia, hallucinations, severe confusion.
– **Treatment:** Supportive care, activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment.
#### 14. **Diagnostics and Labs**
– **Monitoring:** Regularly assess liver and kidney function, especially in long-term use.
#### 15. **Legal, Ethical, and Social Considerations**
– **Legal:** Prescribed medication; requires careful monitoring and patient education.
– **Ethical:** Ensure informed consent, especially regarding side effects and long-term use risks.
– **Social:** Educate patients on recognizing side effects and the importance of adherence to prescribed dosing.
#### 16. **Patient Education Considerations**
– **Key Points:**
– Take medication as prescribed.
– Report any side effects immediately.
– Stay hydrated and avoid overheating.
– Do not drive or operate machinery until you know how benztropine affects you.
—
### Visual Elements
#### Concept Map: Mechanism of Action
#### Mnemonics for Side Effects
– **”CAN’T”:** Cramps, Anticholinergic effects, Nausea, Tachycardia
—
### References
1. American Psychiatric Association. (2020). Clinical practice guidelines for antipsychotic medications.
2. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2021). Parkinson’s Disease: Medications and treatment.
3. FDA. (2022). Benztropine medication guide and prescribing information.
—
### Mnemonics for Half-Life and Pharmacokinetics
– **”PHASES”:**
– P: Peak plasma concentration
– H: Half-life
– A: Absorption rate
– S: Steady-state concentration
– E: Excretion pathways
– S: Safety margin
—
This study guide aims to provide a comprehensive, clear, and useful resource for understanding Benztropine and its clinical use. Use this guide to prepare for clinical practice and ensure safe and effective patient care.
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