PSY 497 Counseling Techniques and Treatment Planning Essay
Post a comparison (similarities and differences) of at least two counseling techniques and/or methods. Then, explain how each might be applied to the case study you selected.
References:
stevens, P. W., & Smith, R. L. (2018). Substance abuse counseling: Theory and practice (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 6, “Treatment Setting and Treatment Planning” (pp. 143-159)
Chapter 7, “Individual Treatment” (pp. 166-183)
Chapter 8, “Group Treatment in the Continuum of Care” (pp. 185-201only)
Case Study:
Jerome is a 48-year-old gay-identified African American male who is seeking housing services at the state facility at which you work. Jerome has a long history of homelessness, a 20-year addiction to crack cocaine, and a history of minor arrests. He has supported himself primarily by repairing old, discarded bicycles and selling them.
When Jerome comes to the facility, he states he has not used crack for three days. During the initial interview, he does not maintain eye contact, constantly moves and shifts in his seat, and uses a very unique sentence structure that often derails: “I am on top of this whole planet, and it’s hot! I feel like…you ever eat yogurt?” He describes hearing voices that direct him to deliver “the message of the good” to people he meets, and uses religious references in a number of statements about daily living.
- Jerome expresses his desire to stop using crack, but his concern is that “when I stop, the Devil comes after me.” You learn from Jerome’s caseworker that Jerome has had connections to a street gang from whom he buys crack, and that a large part of the reason he is seeking housing at your facility is for safety because of some trouble he has gotten into with a gang member.
Post a comparison (similarities and differences) of at least two counseling techniques and/or methods
### Comparison of Counseling Techniques: Motivational Interviewing (MI) vs. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
#### Similarities:
1. **Client-Centered Approach:** Both Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) emphasize the importance of a client-centered approach. They both prioritize understanding the client’s perspective, fostering rapport, and collaborating with the client in setting goals and developing strategies for change.
2. **Focus on Change:** MI and CBT share a common goal of facilitating behavior change, albeit through different mechanisms. Both approaches aim to help clients identify and address problematic behaviors, thoughts, and emotions to promote positive outcomes.
#### Differences:
1. **Underlying Theoretical Basis:** MI is rooted in Rogerian client-centered therapy and focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence towards change. It emphasizes empathy, collaboration, and evocation, aiming to enhance intrinsic motivation for change. On the other hand, CBT is based on the cognitive model, which suggests that maladaptive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected and contribute to psychological distress. CBT aims to identify and modify cognitive distortions and behavioral patterns through structured interventions.
2. **Techniques and Strategies:**
– **Motivational Interviewing (MI):** MI employs techniques such as reflective listening, open-ended questions, affirmations, and summarizing to elicit and reinforce the client’s intrinsic motivation for change. MI focuses on exploring discrepancies between the client’s current behavior and their values or goals, thereby enhancing motivation and commitment to change.
– **Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT):** CBT utilizes a variety of cognitive and behavioral techniques to challenge and modify maladaptive thoughts and behaviors. These may include cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiments, activity scheduling, and exposure therapy. CBT aims to identify and change negative thought patterns and develop adaptive coping strategies.
### Application to the Case Study:
#### Motivational Interviewing (MI):
– **Application:** MI would be beneficial in engaging Jerome in discussions about his substance use and motivations for change. Using reflective listening and open-ended questions, the counselor can explore Jerome’s ambivalence towards crack cocaine use and his desire to stop. MI techniques can help Jerome clarify his goals, values, and concerns, while also addressing his fear of relapse and the influence of external factors such as the “voices” he hears.
#### Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT):
– **Application:** CBT can complement MI by addressing Jerome’s cognitive distortions and maladaptive behaviors related to substance use. By challenging Jerome’s beliefs about the Devil and the association between crack cocaine use and safety, the counselor can help Jerome reframe his thoughts and develop coping strategies to manage cravings and avoid relapse. Behavioral interventions, such as identifying triggers and developing alternative coping skills, can also be incorporated into treatment to support Jerome’s recovery journey.
In summary, both Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy offer valuable approaches for addressing Jerome’s substance use and related challenges within the context of his unique experiences and beliefs. Integrating elements of both approaches can provide a comprehensive and tailored treatment approach to support Jerome in achieving his goals for recovery and housing stability.
PSY 497 Counseling Techniques and Treatment Planning Essay
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